Choose the MOSFET for low dropout. The maximum
acceptable on-resistance of the MOSFET is determined
by the maximum load current to achieve the required
dropout voltage (minimum input voltage minus output
voltage):
Determine the minimum output capacitance as follows.
The output capacitor and load resistance set the domi-
nant pole (f
P1
):
The second pole (f
P2
) occurs due to the AO output
resistance and the gate capacitance of the external
MOSFET:
where R
AO
is the output resistance of the gain block at
AO, and C
(GATE-Q1)
is the total gate capacitance of the
MOSFET, Q1. The control loop DC gain is:
where A
V-GB
is the voltage gain from AI to AO (typically
100), and G
(FS-Q1)
is the forward transconductance
gain of Q1. Choose the output capacitance so that the
second pole occurs at or above the loop-gain crossover
frequency:
Since V
REF
is 1.25V, A
(V-GB)
is typically 100, and R
AO
is typically 800Ω, then:
Using the Linear Regulator to Make a
Step-Up/Step-Down Circuit
Some applications have a battery voltage that can be
either greater than or less than the desired output volt-
age. In this case, a step-up or step-down converter will
not be able to generate the required output voltage
under all conditions. To avoid this limitation, use a step-
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