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MAX5130/MAX5131

__________Applications Information

Definitions

Integral Nonlinearity (INL)

Integral nonlinearity (Figure 8a) is the deviation of the

values on an actual transfer function from a straight

line. This straight line can be either a best-straight-line

fit (closest approximation to the actual transfer curve)

or a line drawn between the endpoints of the transfer

function, once offset and gain errors have been nulli-

fied. For a DAC, the deviations are measured at every

single step.

Differential Nonlinearity (DNL)

Differential nonlinearity (Figure 8b) is the difference

between an actual step height and the ideal value of

1LSB. If the magnitude of the DNL is less than 1LSB, the

DAC guarantees no missing codes and is monotonic.

Offset Error

The offset error (Figure 8c) is the difference between

the ideal and the actual offset point. For a DAC, the off-

set point is the step value when the digital input is zero.

This error affects all codes by the same amount and

can usually be compensated for by trimming.

Gain Error

Gain error (Figure 8d) is the difference between the

ideal and the actual full-scale output voltage on the

transfer curve, after nullifying the offset error. This error

alters the slope of the transfer function and corre-

sponds to the same percentage error in each step.

+3V/+5V, 13-Bit, Serial Voltage-Output DACs

with Internal Reference

14 ______________________________________________________________________________________

000 010001 011 100 101 110

AT STEP

011 (1/2 LSB )

AT STEP

001 (1/4 LSB )

111

DIGITAL INPUT CODE

ANALOG OUTPUT VALUE (LSB)

Figure 8a. Integral Nonlinearity

Figure 8c. Offset Error

000 010001 011

ACTUAL

DIAGRAM

IDEAL DIAGRAM

ACTUAL

OFFSET

POINT

OFFSET ERROR

(+1 1/4 LSB)

IDEAL OFFSET

POINT

DIGITAL INPUT CODE

ANALOG OUTPUT VALUE (LSB)

000 010001 011 100 101

DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY

ERROR (-1/4 LSB)

DIFFERENTIAL

LINEARITY ERROR (+1/4 LSB)

1 LSB

DIGITAL INPUT CODE

ANALOG OUTPUT VALUE (LSB)

Figure 8b. Differential Nonlinearity

Figure 8d. Gain Error

000 101100 110 111

IDEAL DIAGRAM

GAIN ERROR

(-1 1/4 LSB)

IDEAL FULL-SCALE OUTPUT

ACTUAL

FULL-SCALE

OUTPUT

DIGITAL INPUT CODE

ANALOG OUTPUT VALUE (LSB)

1 2 ... 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

MAX5130/MAX5131 1

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